There are four widely used photovoltaic automatic tracking systems, such as horizontal single axis tracking, double column oblique single axis tracking, vertical single axis tracking, dual axis tracking, etc. Horizontal single axis tracking and oblique single axis tracking, vertical single axis tracking has only one degree of rotational freedom, and dual axis tracking has two degrees of rotational freedom.

The three tracking systems adopt an active tracking control strategy, which calculates the orientation of the sun in the sky and controls the orientation of the photovoltaic array. This active photovoltaic automatic tracking system is suitable for environments with frequent frost, snow, and sandstorms, and can also work reliably in unmanned photovoltaic power plants. From the perspective of tracking continuity, the developed photovoltaic automatic tracking system adopts a step tracking method. Compared with the step tracking method, the step tracking method can greatly reduce the energy consumption of the tracking system itself.

A well-designed light tracking system can increase the overall system efficiency by 40%, but its own motor consumes only 20kWh per year, making it low-cost and easy to install.

Sensors are installed on the solar cell array and work synchronously with it. When there is a subtle change in the direction of light, the sensor becomes unbalanced and the system output signal deviates. When the deviation reaches a certain width, the sensor outputs a corresponding signal, and the actuator rebalances the photoelectric sensor to correct the deviation. When the solar cell array plane controlled by the sensor output signal forms an angle with the light, it stops rotating and adjusts the cycle.

Continuing to adjust in this way, always following the trajectory of the sun, forming a closed-loop feedback system to achieve automatic tracking. The system does not need to set a reference position, and the sensor will never lose its direction. The system is equipped with anti light interference and night tracking circuits, and is also equipped with manual control switches for easy adjustment.